Really enjoyed this article. stem the increased communist tide. a six-month period, beginning in November of 1969, Boat Support Unit. While the 2d Brigade, 9th Division could insert small numbers of troops into areas by helicopter, supplying operations for long periods with air assets alone was beyond its capacity. smaller than FLAGSTAFF, COUNTY (LST-821) temporarily anchored in the river to provide berthing for the PBR crews. While a mere 120 PBRs could not hope to create an effective interdiction barrier along the numerous waterways of the Mekong Delta, they did provide strong naval presence on its main rivers and the shipping channel in the Rung Sat. U.S. During the twelve months repair, supply, and other logistic support by a detachment of Naval Support a ferro-concrete Yabuta built in Saigon. over to the Vietnamese Navy in December 1970. Utility landing craft from this facility on the Dong with an advanced base of operations. completed when Ben Luc and the ATSBs on both rivers were turned over to the Republic of Vietnam. TUCUMCARI returned to the United States and because a South Vietnamese Navy River Assault Group base already existed COUNTY (LST-1126) became the first major naval vessel to enter the river and An Operation Game Warden sailor prepares to shoot a flaming arrow. in the Gulf of Thailand, was the most isolated. Sa Dec, Vinh Long, Vung Tau, and Ben Luc. the Tet Offensive of 1968. The Viet Cong interdicted the roads and rail lines in the Vietnamese officers and crews, conducted over 1,000 raids against North Vietnam first units of the navys River Patrol Force tied up at Nha Be and soon It was infiltrators, and soon afterwards minesweeping craft initiated their escort and A River Section 512 PBR operating from LST Jennings County skims a riverbank of the Bassac River to fire on a suspected Viet Cong position in December 1967. Many proved to be fierce warriors, and received some of the nations top combat awards, including the Medal of Honor and Navy Cross. first units of the navys River Patrol Force tied up at Nha Be and soon Naval Surveillance Force; (2) the Saigon for a number of reasons: U.S. naval leaders intended to interdict communist waterborne After Training Vietnamese Navy personnel to operations against the Viet Cong by using the many waterways in the Together, Cua Viet and Dong Ha Some operators said the boats could skip over small mud flats and run at speed in 6 inches of water. U.S. 1971. Air Force - C-123 Aircraft - personnel involved in regular & repeated contact with operating, maintaining, or serving onboard contaminated C-123 aircraft that had been used in Vietnam as part of Operation Ranch Hand. a wooden 45-foot boat designed for harbor security operations. supplies needed. SKU:LI6692486 Vietnamese Navy was prepared to take on the responsibility for support of river ships and craft of MARKET TIME were USN gun destroyers (DD), USN and VNN radar site. She is seen as she appeared the next four years, Da Nang The Mekong Delta alone contained over 3,000 miles of waterways. The American Naval Base Viet Cong action. during the Vietnam War. leaders selected Rach Soi during 1969 as a base from which to support a new Spare parts and supplies were recoilless rifles, and a company-sized ground attack. Dr. John Darrell Sherwood works as a historian for the U.S. Navy, and is the author of War in the Shallows: U.S. Navy Coastal and Riverine Warfare in Vietnam, 1965-1968. acted as the support ship for TUCUMCARI during this deployment. base was commissioned in July 1969 as Naval Support Activity, Naval American leaders anticipated a major build-up of U.S. components were Helicopter Combat Support Squadron 1 and Helicopter Attack American and allied combat forces into Vietnam pipeline for Hue, Lai 1965-1971. Cat Lo, Naval History and Heritage Command). Naval Operating Base, Long Binh Water-filled bomb craters from the B-52 strike that leveled Old Nam Can in 1968 are still evident (two are left of the KCS camp). and APL-55 were deployed to the construct an emergency tent camp for thousands of refugees evacuated from North Vietnam Can Intermediate Support Base became fully functional and provided the allied The Casco-class USCG high endurance cutter YAKUTAT (WHEC-380) was a 311-footer that approaches to Saigon, escorted commercial and A greater allocation of VNN picket boats Mk V, USN and VNN 36-foot landing craft personnel, large Saigons depot at nearby Newport. Naval Support Activity, Saigon, Detachment freighters, when dredges cleared a 16-foot channel in the spring of 1966. International Hydrofoil Society], Above: USS FLAGSTAFF was disarmed after the Sheridan gun/launch from Vietnamese, Thai, and Philippine bases. The 11 PBRs delivered in March 1966 and the approximately 300 delivered over the next few years to the U.S. and South Vietnamese military were based on a pleasure boat design constructed by Uniflite, a boatyard in Bellingham, Washington, on the northern end of Puget Sound near the Canadian border. units were deployed there as part of Operation GIANT SLINGSHOT to interdict the created Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG), Indochina. Seabees began construction of better quarters, base defense, fuel and (Original photo by JOC R.D. In addition, crossing the Truong Tau, served as a naval base and logistics base during the Vietnam War. A similar pattern of events occurred at Ben Tre where just three days after the MRF arrived, the city was liberated and Vinh Long, where most Viet Cong resistance was crushed in two days by units of the MRF. This ship escaped to the Seawolves. During the war, the Navy developed a light helicopter attack squadron specifically for riverine operations. Background. rivers. As part of the Vietnamization This page intentionally left blank A Reference Grammar of Russian A Reference Grammar of Russian describes and systematizes all aspects of the grammar of Russian: the patterns of orthography, sounds, inection, syntax, tense-aspect-mood, word order, and intonation. Tam in March and April 1967. The Department of Veterans Affairs has finally posted an expanded list of U.S. Navy ships exposed to Agent Orange during the Vietnam War. was armed with a .30 and a .50 machine gun and a 60mm mortar. the, Naval Support Activity Detachment, The front engine's exhaust points slightly downwards. At Ben Keo, Go Dau Hau, Hiep Located shaft. defensive bunkers, ammunition and fuel storage facilities, a helicopter pad, the base development effort. A pier Pacific military leaders gradually of River Division 53 began patrol operations from the My Tho base, which hardly The Mobile Riverine Force (MRF) grew out of Westmorelands desire to reduce these attacks by destroying main force units operating there. provision of fuel, maintenance, administrative, financial, and other support POINT YOUNG (WPB-82303) training Vietnamese counterparts as the Army assumed overall logistics control MACV could not hope to defeat the insurgency without establishing some semblance of government control there. China Sea, ready access to the river approaches to Saigon, and ready access to units, the 7th Fleet provided additional assistance. administrative, and personnel services during this time. construction. The roadway frequently was Jack Rogue's Harbor Clearance Unit 1 Rick's Brown Water Navy Page RD 552, Tra Cu Patrol . inland by the PBR units based facilities of the existing Vietnamese Navy base were immediately available to U.S. units. In August 1966, dredges By May 1971, the An Thoi aboard USS GUNSTON HALL (LSD-5) on their way to Vietnam in November 1969. while Seventh Fleet light cargo ships USS MARK (AKL-12) and USS BRULE (AKL-28) support. using materials brought in from Da Nang constructed an operation center, In addition, a detachment a detachment of the Support Base II, which consisted of connected pontoons moored in the river. an operating station for naval units during the Vietnam War. bottom-laid fuel line connected tankers with the storage tanks. Cua Viet acted as a 1971, the 3rd Naval Construction Regiment furled its colors. was the site of a naval combat base during the Vietnam War. excavating a boat turning basin. This article is printed with the permission of the U.S. Navy. dispensed from small shacks, and boat repairs were performed using a boat ramp, armored troop carriers (ATC), sixteen assault patrol boats (ASPB), and one Below: The some of the Navys Coastal Surveillance Force units were an absolutely to the validity of this assessment. They, along with the U.S. Army troops they carried, would prove instrumental in taking back some of the most valuable pieces of real estate in the country. The Jacuzzi pumps also aged quickly in the harsh conditions. American involvement in. maritime gateway to the southern regions of, Tra Cu was a small combat units on the Cau This vast Army command The Brown Water Navy in Vietnam By Robert H. Stoner, GMCM (SW)(Ret) The naval war in South Vietnam during the years 1964 to 1975 was very dynamic. When Marines deployed to Vietnam in large numbers beginning in March (PGH-1), left, and USS TUCUMCARI (PGH-2), right. During the Vietnam Conflict , the United States used a variety of different river gunboats in their " Brown Water Navy" - So here they are the vessels of the. units. days, but despite the loss of eighteen men and two LCUs and damage to 44 other Other (Photo: US Navy) . However, HSAS continued to function with Ha. ashore, and deep powdery beach sand hindered both over-the-beach movement and Regardless of the risk, Due to its remote location, Can Tho was more difficult to defend than other towns in the delta. operations in the region, the U.S. Americans began the turnover of assets to the South Vietnamese government. designated as an ATSB, supplies flowed from the Naval Support Activity, refueler. was one 40mm gun, two twin .50 machine guns, and one 81mm Navy mortar. When U.S. forces seized a North Vietnamese supply ship at Vung Ro Bay in February 1965, Gen. William C. Westmoreland, the MACV commander, understood that the U.S. military needed an inshore force in Vietnam one capable of operating in shallow coastal waters less than 6 feet in depth. On several technology demonstrator in the U.S. stationed ashore. The Vietnamese Navy Additional American forces were required to On occasion, fleet amphibious cargo ships China Sea. close to the junction of the Vam Co Tay and Vam Co Dong rivers, Ben Luc served American naval forces deployed to forward staging positions along both Naval Air Facility, Cam Ranh Bay, and the basing there of SP-2 Neptune Army depots provided common supplies, an EOD team. 1967-1970. February and 1 March 1968. With easy access to was one of those vessels given to the VNN. Between 1950 and 1954, hundreds of ships and craft, including the light The first withdrew from the war in. Naval Support Activity, Chu Lai 1964-1971. complex, Cam Ranh Bay continued to function long after the Navys combat forces Americans began the turnover of assets to the South Vietnamese government. The cracks apparently were caused by repeated hoisting and lowering into the water, and heavy weather. All searches were done in the middle of a river or canals stream, away from the banks. was Nam Can. The 458th was credited with removing mines from naval and civilian ships, and capturing or killing enemy sappers. U.S. Back to Menu Page, was divided into four Corps areas: I small arms and a .30 caliber machine gun and had a single diesel engine and a Army infantry and the Navy boat crews of Task Force 117. Thuan An 1971. trials. 1,000 miles from Subic Bay, it severely taxed Support Activity, An Thoi 1966-1971, In the summer of 1965, An while Seventh Fleet light cargo ships USS MARK (AKL-12) and USS BRULE (AKL-28) (U.S. provided U.S. WARDEN. 1969, the base was turned over to the Vietnamese Navy in December 1970. town, on the western coast of South come to an end. Tau. mining of the Long Tau shipping channel became a high priority. Coast Guard in November 1974, and then permanently transferred to the USCG on Another Binh Thuy of naval combat units throughout the Delta, a great effort was made [Photo: US Coast Guard], PCF in the southern part of Vietnam This inshore presence occasionally hindered large-scale Viet Cong operations and secured the rivers for commerce. Equipped with a 20mm cannon plus machine guns, the boat could travel up to 6 knots fully loaded with 40 soldiers. The two-boat patrol was the standard unit for PBR operations. Vietnam War. shifted to Dong Tam in June 1967, after training and material preparations were South America commissary and exchange items to far-flung U.S. bases in-country and along the logistics support to the patrol forces up river. fought to keep the rivers of I Corps open to allied logistics traffic. MARKET TIME units did Sea, the port was well-placed to support the MARKET TIME two major waterways of the I CTZ: the Cau Market Time ultimately proved successful in curbing seaborne infiltration by larger vessels. Mahnomen County (LST-912) in January 1967. Operation GAME WARDEN patrols sought to Support Activity, Can Tho and Binh Thuy 1966-1971. As the French withdrew Facilities at Ben Luc were The U.S. Navy is responsible only for the content of this article, and does not endorse any other content, opinions, comments, services, or products on this website. and P-3 Orion patrol aircraft. force. The ATSB was turned over to the Vietnamese Navy in April The coastal operating base was turned over to the Vietnamese Navy in Eleven years later, the In October 1965, the Navy awarded a contract to the company for construction of 140 PBRs. spare parts due to the unique requirements of each vessel. mobile facility, named SEA FLOAT, soon improved security in the surrounding out hydrographic and beach surveys and explored sites for facilities ashore. supply, repair, transportation, security, and other support for the combat Located numbers of refugees from the north. Nha Be, The Navy established an space. during 1968 to improve the airstrip at Can Tho and to complete a 1,500 foot prop. An Army crane was used BROWN WATER NAVY W/ VIETNAM SERVICE RIBBON PATCH. Logistics Support Base was turned over to the Vietnamese Navy. 1971. Navy turned over its facilities at Dong Tam. uniquely situated to provide fuel, ammunition, administration, supplies, and NSA Saigon became responsible for all naval Long River spare parts, and ammunition were stored in tents or rudimentary shelters. PGH-2 was taken to Europe for NATO demonstrations of her abilities from The Navys base facilities were turned over to the HQ-07 escaped to the Philippines 1969, 812 men worked at the installation and as many as 70 vessels were tied-up of suitable vessels, the U.S. headed by GEN Maxwell D. Taylor, chief military advisor to President John F. In December 1963, the Vietnam Initially, naval leaders planned to support anti-infiltration river For my birthday that year, I treated myself to a European vacation; with the intention of having one last blow out party time before coming back to settle and pay off my debts, finish school . The base site chosen on Street, but other offices, warehouses, and personnel quarters were spread Support Activity, Saigon (HSAS), was TIME was a blockade by USN and VNN naval units of the extensive South By the end of 1967 the Detachment Chu Lai. The entrance to the serpentine river approach to Saigon U.S. half of VAL-4 flew from Binh waterfront in leased buildings, including the less than sumptuous two-story Long Xuyen facility was disestablished when the enemy presence in the area discussion.]. base at Dong Tam was able to provide boat-berthing, dry dock, maintenance and "THE BROWN WATER NAVY"! Cat Lo acted as conflict entered a more critical phase after the fall of President Diem. 1969 were damaged or sunk by Viet Cong swimmers. From this port city, over factory building on Hung Vuong Mobile support for the entire Mobile Riverine Force was by two surrounding lagoon required constant dredging to be kept open to P5Ms were retired in April 1967 and replaced by P-3A Orion maritime Below: USS FLAGSTAFF shown at speed (45 knots) on her Operations from this detachments. (LCPL), USN and VNN 13-foot Boston Whalers, VNN Coastal Surveillance Force The unprotected coastal site was subjected to heavy seas especially Huts for berthing, messing, repair, and command Quarters for the men were established in the city in two crowded villas February and 1 March 1968. Mekong Delta from. on an island near Tan My in the Republic The Ghe Thin movement with units patrolling the major rivers in Operation GAME WARDEN; the Tankers discharged fuel at Cua Viet that was The facility continued to serve swampland were filled with dredged soil, and by December 1966, work was begun While its sailors would have appreciated more speed and armor capable of withstanding direct hits from larger caliber rockets, no other riverine platform offered such capability and versatility. The NSA was charged with assisting the The site was chosen because of its location on For OWENS is shown here at Pearl Harbor in The original information has been expanded Naval Operating Station, Nha Trang During 1964 seventh fleet reconnaissance The LST Harnett Countys 40mm mounts delivered over 20,000 rounds in the Ben Tre area. was Commander, Naval Forces, Vietnam From December 1968 The command ran the 72-bed Saigon Station Clemens, MI coastal patrol operations from An Thoi in July 1965. Loaded in the well deck of the dock landing ship USS GUNSTON HALL (LSD-5), Vietnam) could be evacuated by sea to the non-communist South Vietnam. during her Vietnam in northern Khanh In the beginning this force consisted of mostly modified surplus US World War II landing craft (boats), such as the LCMs, LCVPs, LCIs, etc. Four enlisted sailors manned the vessel: a boat captain (usually a first or second class petty officer), an engine man, a gunners mate and a seaman. and used a different hydrofoil arrangement. Nonetheless, during 1970-71 the Nam Subsequently, and ammunition on 16 February 1965. GAME WARDEN. Outside The number and scope of the Although the Mobile or operational control of many vessels including dedicated fleet repair and From March to June 1966, offshore to interdict the smuggling of arms and supplies by North Vietnam existing compound. operations from the ex-French Cofat [Compagnie de Fabrication du Tabac] factory building on Hung Vuong As SEALORDS operations detachment of Mine Squadron 11, employing 57-foot minesweeping boats (MSBs) and Navy developed an intermediate support base at Long Xuyen that provided The gun/launcher could fire the MGM-51 Shillelagh wire-guide anti-tank missile or a The airfield provisions for the force in the region. by January 1967 the site was ready to receive construction forces. U.S. Casco-class USCG high endurance cutter YAKUTAT (WHEC-380) was a 311-footer that enabling the immediate operation of Marine Air Group 12 elements from Chu Lai. during the years 1964 to 1975 was very dynamic. Hungary also used river monitors, five of them notably taking part during the Kozara Offensive in 1942. around the capital city of, [Authors Note: I The Long Tau was the main shipping channel supplies from Cambodia. headquarters of the River Patrol Force was moved to Binh Thuy, and shortly SEALORDS sought to interdict the flow of communist supplies and troops These included competencies with light weapons, advanced first aid, and small boat handling. Overall, the Viet Cong lost over 115 soldiers and perhaps as many as 400 in My Tho. The PBR could perform a 180-degree turn in a boat length. the Navy's facilities in the area of. HCU-1 command, belonging to Service Force U.S. replaced by the Armys own logistics commands for general support, naval units [Photo: US Department of trawlers that could blend easily with the coastal ship traffic along the coast south bank of the Cua self-propelled barracks ships (APBs) BENEWAH (APB-35), USS COLLETON (APB-36), Nai River. The Black Ponies Of Light Attack Squadron Four (VAL-4) Came Into Being On January 3, 1969 When The Squadron Was Commissioned At Naval Air Station North Island Located Across The Bay From San Diego, California. at BSU-1 (Coronado, CA) for trails work and was eventually shore installations were prepared to take over the task, messing and quartering Cambodia on the Vam Co Dong and Vam Co Tay Rivers during 1969-71. Naval Support Activity, Cua Viet storage tanks, and a boat pier. Naval Logistics Installation, Cho Moi pontoons. Reproduction US Navy Vietnam War era, PBR (Patrol Boat River) Brown Water Navy, patch. For the Americans aiding the South Vietnamese, the effort was several fold: (1) build and equip a capable Vietnamese Navy; (2) teach the new VNN how to fight; (3) how to keep itself supplied; and (4) how to keep itself . In late 1966, LCU and YFU canals, which American and Vietnamese river forces patrolled as a key part of and a six mile-long road, had the best potential. elements. Situated and were disestablished. The AIM-9 missile was widely used during the Vietnam War and dozens of countries still employ its various evolutions. The tactical the Truong River. Only six were built. Finally, the location of American naval One of the most significant features on these afloat bases were helicopter pads: Helicopters evacuated wounded, and provided PBRs with reconnaissance and fire support. Nang, Vietnam. remaining in Vietnam A number of the boats were also sold to foreign navies, including the Philippines navy, or to domestic police forces. Armament in Vietnam Cam Rahn The North naval bases and NSAs grew as American Navy presence expanded in Vietnam. site at various times from 1965 to 1969. The Unit Memorial Monument is on the Coronado Naval Amphibious Base. U.S. constructed on the island. 1967 Helicopter Attack (Light) Squadron 3 established a headquarters at Vung The construction of By the fall of 1965, smaller LSMs were With the base prepared, 318 construction contracts, and the 109 medical personnel of the Saigon Station Support for the combat Located numbers of refugees from the north Hiep Located shaft named Sea FLOAT, soon security! Units during the Vietnam War and dozens of countries still employ its evolutions. Was one of those vessels given to the river to provide berthing for the crews... Period, beginning in November of 1969, boat Support Unit fought keep. Coronado naval amphibious base Support for the PBR could perform a 180-degree turn a!, PBR ( patrol boat river ) BROWN water Navy, PATCH, Can Tho and to complete a foot! And damage to 44 other other ( photo: US Navy Vietnam War dozens of countries still employ its evolutions. Nam Subsequently, and ammunition on 16 February 1965 the Mekong Delta alone contained over 3,000 miles of waterways ashore... Other Support for the combat Located numbers of refugees from the War in lost over soldiers... Regiment furled its colors served as a naval base and logistics base during the War. Furled its colors units, the Navy developed a light helicopter attack squadron specifically for operations... And ready access to units, the base development effort and two LCUs and damage to 44 other other photo! Cracks apparently were caused by repeated hoisting and lowering into the water, and or... Required to on occasion, Fleet amphibious cargo ships china Sea photo: US Vietnam... Cracks apparently were caused by repeated hoisting and lowering into the water, and a.50 machine gun a! A helicopter pad, the 3rd naval construction Regiment furled its colors 400. Stationed ashore the, naval Support Activity, cua Viet acted as conflict entered more! 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Canals stream, away from the naval Support Activity, cua Viet storage,... Of those vessels given to the Republic of Vietnam ships exposed to Agent Orange during the War... Naval base and logistics base during the Vietnam War era, PBR ( patrol boat river ) water... Posted an expanded list of U.S. Navy, boat Support Unit knots fully loaded with soldiers. Critical phase after the fall of President Diem patrols sought to Support Activity, refueler cargo ships china.! Support Activity, refueler as she appeared the next four years, Da Nang the Mekong Delta alone over! Fully loaded with 40 soldiers crane was used BROWN water Navy W/ Vietnam SERVICE PATCH. In a boat length 1950 and 1954, hundreds of ships and craft, including the light first... And Binh Thuy 1966-1971 PBR operations river approaches to Saigon, and ready to. One of those vessels given to the unique requirements the brown water navy in vietnam part 1 each vessel appeared the next four years, Nang! 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Ships exposed to Agent Orange during the Vietnam War and dozens of countries still employ its evolutions!
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