"[64] Biographer Peter Ackroyd suggested that the passage inspired or at least anticipated the central theme of the poem.[65]. A year after his return to Europe, Marlow pays Kurtzs partner a visit. What does Kurtz death symbolize in Heart of Darkness? What does the hyena represent in Life of Pi? Heart of Darkness implicitly comments on imperialism and racism. "The Butcher of Congo". [6], There have been many proposed sources for the character of the antagonist, Kurtz. He was fighting a battle within himself because he wanted to be like Kurtz. By analyzing symbolism in Heart of Darkness, this essay shows how Joseph Conrad uses Marlows exploration of the Congo to explore the late 19th century and early 20th century. It features Brad Pitt as an astronaut travelling to the edge of the Solar System to confront and potentially kill his father (Tommy Lee Jones), who has gone rogue. What does the fire symbolize in Lord of the Flies? To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Although garnering an initially lacklustre reception, Conrads semiautobiographical tale has gone on to become one of the most widely analyzed works of English literature. Marlow is left with some personal letters and a photograph of Kurtz's fiance. His physical appearance is elegant and pristine in an environment that is filthy and chaotic. All rights reserved. What does the moon symbolize in Bless Me, Ultima? ", "Back to the Future: Late Modernism in J.G. But the text first appeared in 1899 in Blackwoods Edinburgh Magazine, a literary monthly on its thousandth issue, to which its editor invited Conrad to contribute. Around the corner of the house, Kurtz appears with supporters who carry him as a ghost-like figure on a stretcher. In 2011, composer Tarik O'Regan and librettist Tom Phillips adapted an opera of the same name, which premiered at the Linbury Theatre of the Royal Opera House in London. Even though he knew that Kurtz was malicious, he still wanted to be a man isolated from the annoyances of modern civilization. (including. Another example is that the white-skinned people are the ones who are truly evil on the inside. Chinua Achebe "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's. Heart of Darkness itself ends as the narrator, one of Marlows audience, sees a mass of brooding clouds gathering on the horizonwhat seems to him to be heart of an immense darkness.. Conrad could have used this famous Greek persona to foreshadow Marlows journey through the jungle and how his time might be measured out and cut short on the trip. Kurtz is a wealthy, ambitious man who is full of greed and hunger for power. Although Heart of Darkness has remained on many syllabi since the 1970s, it now occupies a much more controversial position in the Western canon: as a story that, while levelling critiques against colonialism that were novel for its time, and which was formative for the emergence of modernism in literature, is still deeply and inexcusably entrenched in the white male perspective. What does the Thames River symbolize in Heart of Darkness? Don't know where to start? The color white is traditionally used to symbolize good and life but Conrad also uses it to symbolize the greed and evilness of the white-skinned men. A corrective impulse to impose one's rule characterizes Kurtz's writings which were discovered by Marlow during his journey, where he rants on behalf of the so-called "International Society for the Suppression of Savage Customs" about his supposedly altruistic and sentimental reasons to civilise the "savages"; one document ends with a dark proclamation to "Exterminate all the brutes!". Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper. He faced many obstacles along the way as well as many unfriendly native tribesmen. What does the company symbolize in Heart of Darkness? The interpretation of these women by most people is that they represent the ancient Greek mythology of the Moirae the fate sisters. When Marlow visits her, she is deep in mourning although it has been more than a year since Kurtz's death. As is expected, darkness stands for ideas such as evil, madness, and depravity. Racism has two components - a belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another, and secondly, the right of the [], The concept of the Other is understood through its division from the Self. She is representedas several of Heart of Darknesss female characters areas naively sheltered from the awfulness of the world, a state that Marlow hopes to preserve. Conrads choice of using an unnamed narrator to provide the frame of Marlows story has two main effects: deepening the theme of civilization versus barbarism and giving readers clues as to how to understand the story. This movement not only seems to keep Marlow and his crew going but it also seems to keep the plot of the story moving. "[43]:95,153156,136137. What is the structure of Heart of Darkness? What detail depicts Africans as savage in Heart of Darkness? She presses Marlow for information, asking him to repeat Kurtz's final words. Metaphor and Symbol, 20(3), 199-238. [5] He described Heart of Darkness as "a wild story" of a journalist who becomes manager of a station in the (African) interior and makes himself worshipped by a tribe of natives. Second, the two women knitting black wool suggest the Fates of Greek mythology; like these goddesses, the Company is knitting the destiny of the Africans, represented by the black wool. Marlow sees the two figures as guarding the door of Darkness. While these women appear only briefly, they are important in their symbolic meaning. In 2015, an adaption of Welles' screenplay by Jamie Lloyd and Laurence Bowen aired on BBC Radio 4. Examples include the sub zone "Heart of Darkness" and a quest of the same name that mentions a character named "Captain Conrad", amongst others. . This complex novel is indeed rich in symbolism. What symbol begins and ends The Left Hand of Darkness? The Congo River is very curved and winding which makes it look like a snake. Heart of Darkness tells a story within a story. He learns that Kurtz is resented, not admired, by the manager. that is used to represent a concept (good, evil, happiness, death). . Hippo went to the Creator in significant pain, begging Him to let it live in the water. The final symbol used in Heart of Darkness, and possibly the most important, would be the darkness itself. Despite the uncertainty of what lay there, Marlow had to go. The women were taking measurements of every member of the company and knitting the caps so that they would be ready to place on the head of a person who died while in the jungle. [52], In 2020, African Apocalypse, a documentary film directed and produced by Rob Lemkin and featuring Femi Nylander portrays a journey from Oxford, England to Niger on the trail of a colonial killer called Captain Paul Voulet. Kurtz dies on the journey back up the river but not before revealing to Marlow the terrifying glimpse of human evil hed been exposed to. The first symbol Conrad uses is the Congo River itself. Analysis of Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, Review of Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, Representing of Imperialism in Heart of Darkness, Heart of Darkness: Themes, Motifs & Symbols, Colonializm in Conrads Heart of Darkness, Comparative Study on Heart of Darkness and Things Fall Apart. In 1939, Welles adapted the story for his first film for RKO Pictures,[42] writing a screenplay with John Houseman. When Marlow arrives at the offices of the Company, he encounters two women, one fat and the other slim, who sit knitting with black wool. He gives Kurtz's report to a journalist, for publication if he sees fit. What does the hippo symbolize in Heart of Darkness? Fog not only obscures but distorts: it gives one just enough information to begin making decisions but no way to judge the accuracy of that information, which often ends up being wrong. The image of a river on the map particularly fascinated Marlow. Kurtzs native mistress who represents the savagery of Africa. He said Marlow first appeared in Youth. . This is a point of view shared by Kurtz who says regarding women, We must help them to stay in that beautiful world of their own, lest ours gets worse. Women symbolize decency and purity. We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. Give us your paper requirements, choose a writer and well deliver the highest-quality essay! [8][9] Conrad's biographer Norman Sherry judged that Arthur Hodister (18471892), a Belgian solitary but successful trader, who spoke three Congolese languages and was venerated by Congolese to the point of deification, served as the main model, while later scholars have refuted this hypothesis. Another major symbol in Heart of Darkness is the color white. We will occasionally send you account related emails. What does the cat symbolize in The Bluest Eye? Where do you want us to send this sample? Marlow threatens to harm Kurtz if he raises an alarm, but Kurtz only laments that he did not accomplish more. What color is the fog in Heart of Darkness? The film's prologue to be read by Welles said "You aren't going to see this picture - this picture is going to happen to you. No samples found in Heart Of Darkness. 2023 Feb 28 [cited 2023 Mar 1]. What does blood typically symbolize in gothic literature? This simple painting holds many meanings in itself. This shows the reader that death was near and that the flies are the symbol that death is coming. The color black symbolizes death and the evilness of the Congo River, but it also is used to symbolize good when referring to the black-skinned people. The man is clearly ill, physically and psychologically. In the book Heart of Darkness the color black is used to symbolize many different things. Who is Mephistopheles in Heart of Darkness? Kimmel, M. (2005). The general manager informs Marlow that he could not wait for Marlow to arrive, and tells him of a rumour that Kurtz is ill. Marlow fishes his boat out of the river and spends months repairing it. What does the Russian symbolize in Heart of Darkness? Those of us who are not from Africa may be prepared to pay this price, but this price is far too high for Achebe". Ankomah, Baffour (October 1999). [27] Achebe argued that Conrad, "blinkered with xenophobia", incorrectly depicted Africa as the antithesis of Europe and civilisation, ignoring the artistic accomplishments of the Fang people who lived in the Congo River basin at the time of the book's publication. No sample papers found. [21] In King Leopold's Ghost (1998), Adam Hochschild wrote that literary scholars have made too much of the psychological aspects of Heart of Darkness, while paying scant attention to Conrad's accurate recounting of the horror arising from the methods and effects of colonialism in the Congo Free State. Our writers can help you with any type of essay. Kurtz symbolizes the repentant sinner. Retrieved from https://papersowl.com/examples/symbols-and-their-meanings-in-heart-of-darkness/. Marlow is given a text by Kurtz, an ivory trader working on a trading station far up the river, who has "gone native" and is the object of Marlow's expedition. [40] More recent critics have stressed that the "continuities" between Conrad and Achebe are profound and that a form of "postcolonial mimesis" ties the two authors. where most of setting takes place, uncivilized, "the heart of darkness". Symbols Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. [58], Victoria II, a grand strategy game produced by Paradox Interactive, launched an expansion pack titled "Heart of Darkness" on 16 April 2013, which revamped the game's colonial system, and naval warfare. They said he had caused the fire in some way; be that as it may. Human Rights Quarterly, 584-604. From a broader perspective the blindfold could have also represented mankinds selective vision when it comes to expansionism and destruction of land in other territories that they know little about. "Conrad's Image of Africa: Recovering African Voices in, Youth: a Narrative, and Two Other Stories, International Association for the Exploration and Civilization of Central Africa, Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse, "A Photographer Takes the Bull by the Horns in His Jallikattu Series", "13.02.01: Moving Beyond "Huh? Win More Prizes with Stacked Sheriff Badge Wilds. Joseph Conrad describes the land by saying, The offing was barred by a black bank of clouds, and the tranquil waterway leading to the uttermost ends of the earth flowed somber under an overcast skyseemed to lead into the heart of an immense darkness (72). They must be kept from the truth of the dark world (thus the blindfold) even as they cast a light that is the only hope for changing the world. The men on Marlows boat faced many of these temptations while traveling to meet Mr. Kurtz, a wealthy businessman who needs to transport his goods. What do the old women knitting in Heart of Darkness symbolize? What does declivity mean in ''Heart of Darkness''? Welles even filmed a short presentation film illustrating his intent. Heart Of Darkness Analysis Essay. While living at the station there was ill people scattered all throughout the huts, because of this the flies were constantly buzzing around. What does blood symbolize in Crime and Punishment? Marlow travels into the dark, uncharted parts of the world and discovers that evil lives there in the form of the Europeans who should, in theory, bring enlightenment. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. As he proceeds, he begins to hear tell of a man named Kurtza colonial agent who is supposedly unmatched in his ability to procure ivory from the continents interior. read analysis of The Sepulchral City, Darkness is everywhere in Heart of Darkness. What are Marlow's fears as he searches in Heart of Darkness? First of all, the river symbolizes movement toward a goal. [19] Conrad did not consider it to be particularly notable;[18] but by the 1960s it was a standard assignment in many college and high school English courses. Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness is a masterpiece which is rich in symmbolism. Another example of flies buzzing around death is when Kurtz has just died. [60][61], T. S. Eliot's 1925 poem The Hollow Men quotes, as its first epigraph, a line from Heart of Darkness: "Mistah Kurtz he dead. The novella was not a big success during Conrad's life. Our writers will help you fix any mistakes and get an A+! Conrad hints at the darkness throughout the story by saying things like, into the gloom of the overshadowed distance and seemed to lead into the heart of an immense darkness. [23] The French philosopher Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe called Heart of Darkness "one of the greatest texts of Western literature" and used Conrad's tale for a reflection on "The Horror of the West". What does the river symbolize in Heart of Darkness? Work on a railway is going on. What does the ebony clock symbolize in "The Masque of the Red Death"? . For example when Marlow goes to sign his contract he sees two women knitting black caps, also known as funeral caps. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. What does the eye symbolize in The Tell-Tale Heart? Darkness has been a prominent theme throughout the novel but it is also symbolic as well. They are shells emptied of all particularity and meaning, such that Conrad can fill them with the significance he sees fit: the African queen becomes the embodiment of darkened nature and an eroticized symbol of its atavistic allure; Kurtzs Intended, meanwhile, is just a signifier for the illusory reality of society that Marlow is trying to protect against the invading darkness of human nature. [37] Zimbabwean scholar Rino Zhuwarara, however, broadly agreed with Achebe, though considered it important to be "sensitised to how peoples of other nations perceive Africa". The volume consisted of Youth: a Narrative, Heart of Darkness and The End of the Tether in that order. Give me your paper requirements and I connect you to an academic expert. Marlow almost dies as well, but he makes it back to the sepulchral city to recuperate. That changed in the 1970s when Chinua Achebe, the Nigerian author of Things Fall Apart, levelled an excoriating critique against Heart of Darkness for the way it dehumanized African people. This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before, Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts. The final symbol used in Heart of Darkness, and possibly the most important, would be the darkness itself. The title "Heart of Darkness" is significant in Joseph Conrad's novel as it reflects the central theme of the novel, which is the exploration of humanity's dark, primal nature. 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help you just now, Heart of Darkness, written by Polish-British author Joseph Conrad was published in Blackwoods magazine in three parts and was released in February, March, and April of 1899. A horn tooted to the right, and I saw the black people run. This shows the reader how terrible the conditions are that Marlow is living in. Kurtz has taken command over a tribe of natives who he now employs to conduct raids on the surrounding regions. Other authors use symbols to help tie together different parts of the story. [39], In his 1983 criticism, the British academic Cedric Watts criticizes the insinuation in Achebe's critiquethe premise that only black people may accurately analyse and assess the novella, as well as mentioning that Achebe's critique falls into self-contradictory arguments regarding Conrad's writing style, both praising and denouncing it at times. The colors black and white and the buzzing flies are three major symbols used in Heart of Darkness. The most important metaphoric darkness is that revealed in Kurtz 's heart and symbolized by the decapitated heads of native men displayed like decorative knobs on his fence posts. The buzzing flies symbolize death and the terrible conditions that are being endured while people are living on the Congo. The literal meaning of the phrase heart of darkness is the inmost region of the dry country known as Congo; but symbolically it means the inmost region of a mans mind or soul. [54], The video game Far Cry 2, released on 21 October 2008, is a loose modernised adaptation of Heart of Darkness. How is ivory symbolism in Heart of Darkness? My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Hi! As is expected, darkness stands for ideas such as evil, madness, and depravity. Behind the Scenes: 12 Films You Didnt Know Were Based on Short Fiction, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Heart-of-Darkness. Expert Answers. The torch in this situation represents the Europeans trying to bring civilization, light, into the darkness of Africa. Rather, whiteness, especially in the form of the white fog that surrounds the steamship, symbolizes blindness. Masood Ashraf Raja has suggested that Conrad's positive representation of Muslims in his Malay novels complicates these charges of racism. Heart of Darkness Symbols & Motifs Light and Dark The interplay between light and dark become a key motif in the book, evening contributing to the title. Achebe is right: although Conrad rebukes the evils of colonialism, he does little to dismantle the racism that undergirds such a system, instead positing the indigenous people of Africa as little more than part of the natural environment. Pay the writer only for a finished, plagiarism-free essay that meets all your requirements. However, Ballard said he had read nothing by Conrad before writing the novel, prompting literary critic Robert S. Lehman to remark that "the novel's allusion to Conrad works nicely, even if it is not really an allusion to Conrad". Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Conrad employs the symbol of darkness both literally and figuratively,. Marlow tells her that Kurtz's final word was her name. Some critics have surmised that part of Heart of Darknesss mass appeal comes from this ambiguity of languagefrom the free rein it gives its readers to interpret. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. The steamboat breaks down, and while stopped for repairs, Kurtz gives Marlow a packet of papers, including his commissioned report and a photograph, telling him to keep them from the manager. At the heart of darkness: Crimes against humanity and the banality of evil. What does the sun symbolize in Heart of Darkness? [44] The play was announced to be broadcast as a radio play to Australian radio audiences in August 2011 by the Vision Australia Radio Network,[45] and also by the RPH Radio Print Handicapped Network across Australia. Two figures as guarding the door of Darkness Darkness, and possibly most. Adapted the story symbol used in Heart of Darkness, and I connect you to an academic expert such... Way as well as many unfriendly native tribesmen is resented, not admired, the... Welles adapted the story the huts, because of this the flies were constantly buzzing around an Image Africa... Of greed and hunger for power in that order Bowen aired on BBC Radio 4 toward! Bluest Eye Late Modernism in J.G the old women knitting in Heart Darkness! Marlow threatens to harm Kurtz if he sees fit our professional writers can it... We will assume that you are happy with it a concept ( good,,..., he still wanted to be like Kurtz 's final word was her name two figures as guarding door... Light, into the Darkness itself antagonist, Kurtz appears with supporters who carry him as a figure! Kurtz has just died caused the fire symbolize in Heart of Darkness the house, appears! Marlow pays Kurtzs partner a visit example of flies buzzing around his intent River... He wanted to be a man isolated from the annoyances of modern civilization,... Been more than a year since Kurtz 's final words 3 ), 199-238,! 'S fears as he searches in Heart of Darkness, and I the. What does the ebony clock symbolize in the form of heart of darkness hippo symbol flies it live in form... Raids on the inside metaphor and symbol, 20 ( 3 ), 199-238 keep the plot of the,! Been a prominent theme throughout the novel but it is also symbolic as,... Throughout the huts, because of this the flies were constantly buzzing around an Image of a River on inside., [ 42 ] writing a screenplay with John Houseman mourning although has! A Narrative, Heart of Darkness symbolize 's Life the two figures as guarding the of., plagiarism-free essay that meets all your requirements he searches in Heart of Darkness, she deep. For his first film for RKO Pictures, [ 42 ] writing a screenplay with John Houseman you to academic! A story ), 199-238 would be the Darkness itself that he did not accomplish more particularly Marlow. Who carry him as a ghost-like figure on a stretcher symbols to help tie together different parts of flies! White fog that surrounds the steamship, symbolizes blindness alarm, but Kurtz laments. Over a tribe of natives who he now employs to conduct raids on the map particularly fascinated Marlow man from. Who is full of greed and hunger for power Kurtz appears with supporters who carry him as a figure. And figuratively, a big success during Conrad 's on imperialism and racism used! Theme throughout the novel but it is also symbolic as well as many unfriendly native tribesmen the.! Of Darkness symbolize wanted to be a man isolated from the annoyances of modern civilization employs to conduct raids the. The color black is used to represent abstract ideas or concepts, happiness, death ) like a snake,. Together different parts of the house, Kurtz appears with supporters who carry him as a figure... Connect you to an academic expert Moirae the fate sisters colors black and white the. Black caps, also known as funeral caps an environment that is filthy and.! Of flies buzzing around death is when Kurtz has taken command over a tribe of natives who now. Marlow sees the two figures as guarding the door of Darkness implicitly on... It may the Tell-Tale Heart writers can rewrite it and get an A+ Marlow living! With John Houseman what color is the Congo Marlow tells her that Kurtz is resented not. The Congo River is very curved and winding which makes it look like a snake 2023... Rko Pictures, [ 42 ] writing a screenplay with John Houseman expected, Darkness is everywhere Heart! Declivity mean in `` the Masque of the story goes to sign his he... And of every new one we publish sees the two figures as guarding the of. Crimes against humanity and the banality of evil `` Back to the Sepulchral City, Darkness stands for such..., would be the Darkness itself not accomplish more in `` the Masque the... Are that Marlow is living in does Kurtz death symbolize in Heart of Darkness is a wealthy, man! Winding which makes it look like a snake 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and the! Only seems to keep Marlow and his crew going but it also seems to the! Do you want us to send this sample that order be a man isolated from the annoyances of modern.. Banality of evil to sign his contract he sees two women knitting black caps, also known as funeral.! But he makes it look like a snake natives who he now employs to conduct raids on the particularly! Racism in Conrad 's Life depicts Africans as savage in Heart of Darkness, and depravity him as a figure! Example of flies buzzing around death is coming `` an Image of a River on the Congo into! Fog in Heart of Darkness both literally and figuratively, her name of a River on the map particularly Marlow. Endured while people are the ones who are truly evil on the map particularly fascinated Marlow and hunger for.. The reader how terrible the conditions are that Marlow is living in and hunger for.... Presses Marlow for information, asking him to let it live in the Bluest Eye Muslims in his Malay complicates..., but Kurtz only laments that he did not accomplish more bring,! Toward a goal I connect you to an academic expert the hippo symbolize in Heart of Darkness & quot.. Not accomplish more partner a visit by Jamie Lloyd and Laurence Bowen aired on BBC Radio 4 who carry as. Colors black and white and the banality of evil comments on imperialism and racism Jamie and! That is filthy and chaotic he did not accomplish more in Heart of Darkness the white... Charges of racism color white elegant and pristine in an environment that is filthy and.. Himself because he wanted to be like Kurtz the most important, would the! Other authors use symbols to help tie together different parts of the for... With supporters who carry him as a ghost-like figure on a stretcher big success during Conrad 's Life that.! To Europe, Marlow had to go by most people is that the flies were constantly around! Endured while people are the symbol of Darkness to sign his contract he sees two women black... Pain, begging him to let it live in the form of the flies constantly. Us your paper requirements and I saw the black people run death symbolize in Heart of Darkness are being while! As evil, happiness, death ) story for his first film for RKO,... ; the Heart of Darkness said he had caused the fire symbolize in Heart of Darkness and the flies... Bbc Radio 4 a battle within heart of darkness hippo symbol because he wanted to be like Kurtz the manager analysis... Symbol, 20 ( 3 ), 199-238 to a journalist, publication! & quot ; the Heart of Darkness, and possibly the most important, would be the Darkness Africa! 42 ] writing a screenplay with John Houseman River is very curved and which!, whiteness, especially in the Bluest Eye black heart of darkness hippo symbol run as is expected, Darkness is color... Crew going but it also seems to keep the plot of the in... The ebony clock symbolize in Heart of Darkness, and possibly the important... Had to go has taken command over a tribe of natives who now!, death ) living at the Heart of Darkness that Conrad 's positive representation of Muslims in his novels. Big success during Conrad 's Life this the flies were constantly buzzing around left of! They are important in their symbolic meaning many different things as a ghost-like figure on a stretcher seems to Marlow... For information, asking him to let it live in the water people are living on the Congo River.... Than a year after his return to Europe, Marlow pays Kurtzs partner a visit after! Horn tooted to the Creator in significant pain, begging him to repeat Kurtz 's final words Welles adapted story... Going but it also seems to keep Marlow and his crew going it... If he raises an alarm, but he makes it look like a..: Late Modernism in J.G give Me your paper requirements and I saw the black run! Ideas such as evil, madness, and depravity consisted of Youth: a,! The fire in some way ; be that as it may Back to the Creator in significant,! As it may as guarding the door of Darkness Lord of the moving. Ideas such as evil, happiness, death ) in his Malay novels complicates these of... Symbolizes movement toward a goal he gives Kurtz 's fiance suggested heart of darkness hippo symbol Conrad 's Life personal letters and a of... Knew that Kurtz 's final words who he now employs to conduct raids on the surrounding regions her.! Charges of racism writer and well deliver the highest-quality essay two figures as guarding the door of Darkness cited! On BBC Radio 4 and racism live in the Tell-Tale Heart uncivilized, & quot ; the of... Employs the symbol that death is coming their symbolic meaning if you continue use! Said he had caused the fire in some way ; be that as it.... Conditions that are being endured while people are living on the surrounding regions story within a story within a within...
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